What is CIS CIGS Name the method used for the production of

What is CIS, CIGS? Name the method used for the production of single crystal silicon wafer? In a multi-junction solar cell. It is necessary to maintain transparency of light that is not adsorbed In any layer. What material property is used to match the various materials used in such a cell?

Solution

>> A copper indium gallium selenide solar cell (or CIGS cell, sometimes CI(G)S or CIS cell) is a thin-film solar cell used to convert sunlight into electric power. It is manufactured by depositing a thin layer of copper, indium, gallium and selenide on glass or plastic backing, along with electrodes on the front and back to collect current. Because the material has a highabsorption coefficient and strongly absorbs sunlight, a much thinner film is required than of other semiconductor materials.

>> A method of making silicon single crystal wafers free of grown-in defects is provided. These wafers are formed from silicon single crystal manufactured by the Czochralski method.

>> For fabrication into integrated circuits, bulk semiconductor silicon must be in the form of a single-crystal material with high crystalline perfection and the desired charge-carrier concentration. The size of the silicon ingot, or boule, has been scaled up in recent years, in order to provide wafers of increasing diameter that are demanded by the economics of integrated-circuit manufacturing. Most commonly, a 60-kilogram (130-pound) charge is grown to an ingot with a diameter of 200 millimetres (8 inches), but the semiconductor industry will soon require ingots as large as 300 millimetres. The ingots are then converted into wafers by machining and chemical processes.