How do the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous syste

How do the sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems function in maintaining homeostasis in the human body? Provide an example of a specific physiological response. 100 word or more please

Solution

Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems function opposite to each other and balancing the body temperature. The function of the sympathetic nervous system is to act where there is need of quick response while the parasympathetic system functions where the actions do not require quick response. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the initiation of the fight or flight response whereas the parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for the rest and digest mode of action. Both the nervous system functions together in many vital functions like respiration and contraction and relaxation of the cardiac muscles. For eg. both of them are responsible for the maintenance of blood pressure, heart rate, and the vagal tone.

Both the nervous system function together with the help of their messengers. the most common one is norepinephrine and acetylcholine. The sympathetic nervous system uses norepinephrine as its principle messenger while acetylcholine is the principal messenger of the parasympathetic nervous system. Both the system function very effectively by secreting their messengers. The neurotransmitters transfer the signal along the synapses that is created by the nerve connections of the necessary organ or cell nerves. The transmitter then attaches to either the sympathetic receptor or parasympathetic receptor on the target cell or organ to transmit the signal. For eg, stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system increases the flow of blood in the gastrointestinal tract, which helps in the fulfillment of the metabolic demands that are forced on the gastrointestinal tract by the body while the sympathetic nervous stimulates the necessary sweat glands for the release of digestive enzymes for the digestion of the food.