please help me with these two questions 1 Our AIDS patients

please help me with these two questions:

1. Our AIDS patients get infections when their CD4 cell count gets too low,” says another nurse. “I can understand why their killer cell immunity decreases, but their antibodies still should protect them. Why do they get so many infections?”

A. Antibodies attach to microorganisms and make them easier to phagocytize. CD4 cells normally phagocytize organisms that macrophages cannot. With fewer CD4 cells, this function is lost.

B. CD4 cells are antigen-presenting cells that are necessary to introduce antibody-producing cells, as well as killer cells, to microorganisms. With fewer CD4 cells, antibody function decreases also.

C. CD4 cells normally secrete cytokines that stimulate antibody-producing cells as well as cells that kill other cells directly. With fewer CD4 cells, antibody function decreases also.

D. Immune cells need amino acids to make antibodies and CD4 cells secrete cytokines that help antibody-producing cells take up amino acids. With fewer CD4 cells, antibody function decreases also.

2. The parents of which one of these infants will need the most complex teaching about protecting their infant from infection?

A. Anne, who has selective IgA deficiency

B. Gelda, who has DiGeorge syndrome

C. Kenesha, who has SCID

D. Pam, who has Bruton X-linked agammaglobulinemia

Solution

1. The answer is: C. CD4 cells normally secrete cytokines that stimulate antibody-producing cells as well as cells that kill other cells directly. With fewer CD4 cells, antibody function decreases also.

The effector CD4 cells secrete cytokines which stimulates B cells to produce more antibodies, so reducing number of CD4 cells also reduces number of antibodies.