Homework SourseReview Questions 1 Describe the purpose of local zoning ordi
Solution
1. Written regulations and laws that define how property in specific geographic zones can be used. Zoning ordinances specify whether zones can be used for residential or commercial purposes, and may also regulate lot size, placement, bulk (or density) and the height of structures. Zoning ordinances are lengthy documents describing not only the acceptable use for specified areas of land, but also the procedures for handling infractions (including any penalties), granting variances and hearing appeals.
2. The main purpose of building codes is to protect public health, safety and general welfare as they relate to the construction and occupancy of buildings and structures. The building code becomes law of a particular jurisdiction when formally enacted by the appropriate governmental or private authority.The International Building Code (IBC) is a model building code developed by the International Code Council (ICC). It has been adopted for use as a base code standard by most jurisdictions in the United States.The code provisions are intended to protect public health and safety while avoiding both unnecessary costs and preferential treatment of specific materials or methods of construction.
3. Model Building codes used are :
4. Universal design refers to broad-spectrum ideas meant to produce buildings, products and environments that are inherently accessible to older people, people without disabilities, and people with disabilities. The 8 goals of universal design were :
5. American Society for Testing and materials (ASTM) mission is to be recognized globally as the premier developer and provider of voluntary consensus standards, related technical information, and services that promote public health and safety, support the protection and sustainability of the environment, and the overall quality of life.
The mission is to contribute to the reliability of materials, products, systems and services; and facilitate international, regional, and national commerce.
6. A trade association is a voluntary organization of independent business units in the same branch of industry, which conducts co-operatively activities aimed at improving the welfare of the group, which does not deprive its members of the power to make essential managerial decisions.
The main functions of trade association are :
7.Sustainable building certification systems are
LEED : Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
GBCI : Green Building Certification Institute
Energy star
Green Globes
NAHB : National Assosiation for home builders
Green guard
GRIHA : Green Rating for integrated Habitat Assessment
8. Urban sprawl or suburban sprawl describes the expansion of human populations away from centralurban areas into low-density, monofunctional and usually car-dependent communities, in a process called suburbanization.It refers to the migration of a population from populated towns and cities to low density residential development over more and more rural land. The end result is the spreading of a city and its suburbs over more and more rural land.
9.Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) is a rating system devised by the United States Green Building Council (USGBC) to evaluate the environmental performance of a building and encourage market transformation towards sustainable design.It is an internationally recognized green building certification system
10. Broad topics come under LEED rating system are :
Sustainable sites
Water efficiency
Energy and atmosphere
materials and resources
Indoor air quality
Innovation and Design process
