Which amino acids are important in the following 1 allostery

Which amino acids are important in the following: 1) allostery 2) conformational change 3) and or gates 4) acytalation 5) glycosylation 6) phosphorylation 7) ubiquination 8) sumoylation 9) proteolysis 10) mechanical activation

Solution

PHOSPHORYLATION: Its a process where Phospate group is added to certain amino acids in a protein. This helps in activation & deactivation of a protein. Phosphorylation is done by kinases. The amino acids which are Thr / Ser / His / Arg.

GLYCOSYLATION: In this process, a sugar molecule is added to the protein, this happens in series of steps. It can be of two types- N linked or O linked. For this two amino acids are there, on which this sugar can be added, i.e. Asp in N linked and Thr or Ser in O linked glycosylation.

ACYLATION: In this process, acyl group is added to the protein. This is helpful in relaxing and compressing the chromatin material for replication or transcription. Lysine is involved in this process.

UBIQUINATION: This is mainly done for the degradation of proteins which are no longer required by the cells. Here also again Lysine is involved.