sir please solve this question It is my assignment problem o

sir please solve this question. It is my assignment problem of 10 marks so please give answer like that sir i want detailed answer and all the part should answered and explain each and every part i am sending this question for the 2nd time last time i didnt get complete answer sir if u want to take time take ur time please give me best solution of it
Thankyou so mch
Note : sir mentiom the place which u select you can select any place

Solution

Cross slope or camber is the slope provided to the road surface to drain off the rain water.

Usually camber is provided on the straight roads by raising the centre of the carriage way with respect to the edges forming a crown .

The requirement of camber depends upon :-

1) type of pavement surface

2) the amount of rainfall

Types of cambers :-

a) Parabolic shape

b ) Straight line camber

c ) Combination of straight and parabolic shape

In order to provide the desired amount and shape of camber , camber boards are prepared with the chosen shape and specific cross slope.

Recomemded values of camber for different types of road surfaces.

Low rainfall

1

1 in 50

or

2.0 %

1 in 60

or

1.7 %

1 in 40

or

2.5 %

1 in 50 or

2.0 %

1 in 33

or

3.0 %

1 in 40

or

2.5 %

1 in 25

or

4.0 %

1 in 33

or

3.0 %

In special cases such as summit curves or valley curves cambers are not required as we provide gradients of 3 different types. So , feasibility of camber differs for a purticular place depending upon the amount of rainfall.

For example , if we select a place far from city which connects 2 major place i.e., a highway with more than or equal to 6 lanes , then any type of camber is adopted but taking into consideration about the cost of construction.

Depending upon the type of pavement i.e., (say) cement concrete pavements , a straight line camber is usually adopted as it is easy to lay both the camber and a flat surface.

In pervious surfaces like earth road , water bound macadam which allow surface water to get into the subgrade soil , a steeper camber is required . Steeper camber is provided in areas of heavy rainfall to enable the surface water to drain off. In these cases , combination of cambers are provided as , too steep cross slope is not desirable due to :-

1) transverse tilt of vehicles cause uncomfortable side thrust.

2) discomfort cause throw of vehicles during overtaking operations.

Considering the place and annual rainfall , we have to first decide which type of road surface is adopted. Depending upn the type of road, camber is selected.

In general , parabolic shape is adoped for low intensity rainfall which may change with slope.

Combination of straight and parabolic is used when heavy rainfall with steeper slope is to be adopted which reduces the risk factor of driving the vehicle .