You start with one glucose molecule and have every intention

You start with one glucose molecule and have every intention to make the maximum am ATP possible via aerobic respiration. However, something always comes up and those precursor metabolites keep getting siphoned off for other needs. Please provide the maximum amount of ATP that will be made if (show your work): NADH = 2.5 and FADH = 1.5 A-ketoglutarate is siphoned off to make glutamate Acetyl-CoA is syphoned off to make ketone bodies. Pyruvate is syphoned off to make amino acids

Solution

The total ATP synthesis by the breakdown of one glucose is 30 ATP

Glycolysis- In Glycolysis the net ATP yield is 2ATP and the conversion of 2NADH⁺H to 2 FADH₂ makes 3 ATP through electron transport chain so Total 5 ATP produced through Glycolysis

Conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA- In this step there is synthesis of 2NADH⁺H⁺ yield 5 ATP

TCA cycle- In TCA cycle from oxidation of one Acetyl-CoA produce 1 ATP, 3NADH⁺H⁺ and 1 FADH₂ that means toatal 10 ATP produced from oxidation of 1 Acetyl-COA so from 2Acetyl-CoA the total ATP proction will be 20.

Ans

part 1.

if A-ketoglutarate siphoned of to make glutamate then total ATP production will be 15.

2 ATP + 1 2 FADH₂ from glycolysis means Total 5 ATP

2NADH⁺H⁺ yield 5 ATP from conversion of Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA means 5 ATP

and only 2NADH⁺H⁺ from Krebs cycle because the krebs cycle will not proceed after A-ketoglutarate step which will be used for the production of Glutamate and before that only one NADH⁺H⁺ producing step is there so for two molecule of Acetyl-CoA it will be 2 2NADH⁺H⁺

^{Part 2.}

If Acetyl-CoA siphoned of to make Ketone bodies then there will no Acetyl-CoA will be available for Krebs cylce so only production of 10 ATP will be there 5 ATP from glycolysis and 5 from Pyruvate to Acetyl-CoA.

Part 3.

If Pyruvate is siphoned of to make amino acids then there will production of 5 ATP from glycolysis pyruvate will not be oxidised to Acetyl-CoA and hence only 5 ATP