Explain the origins of managementSolutionIn almost every anc

Explain the origins of management.

Solution

In almost every ancient civilization we can see management.

It would have been impossible to create the ancient advanced cities without proper management skills.

500 BC the Sumerians started using record keeping

400 BC the Xenophon defined management as a separate art

400 BC the Cyrus studied the human relations and motion

900 AD the Alfarabi listed leadership traits

Even though these civilizations are testimonials of management the formal study of management began late in the 19^th century with one of the pioneers: Frederick W Taylor who was a mechanical engineer that believed it was management`s task to design jobs properly and to provide incentives to motivate workers to achieve higher productivity. This approach of management was called scientific management.

Max Weber, a German sociologist approached management by focusing on organizational structure, dividing organizations into hierarchies with clear lines of authority and control, this was called the bureaucratic approach. This approach helped organizations to function in a more stable systematic manner but also took away personality based or charismatic leadership.