What is the driving force causing water to efflux across the

What is the driving force causing water to efflux across the skin of the frog as water salinity levels increase? In freshwater, the release of aldosterone and neurohypophyseal hormones into the blood results in increased hydration of body fluids. Why? As water salinity levels increase, what negative impact would the release of aldosterone and neurohypophyseal hormones have on an amphibian?

Solution

Ques-9:

The higher water salinity across the marine water, frogs (amphibians) are going to begin to lose their water from intracellular environment through skin via “osmosis”. This osmosis is due to overwhelming osmoregulatory capabilities of cells in frog that caused negative feedback mechanism to lose water by releasing hormones such as aldosterone and neurohypophyseal hormones. These hormones are going to promote efflux of water through “osmosis” out of the skin at the time of high salt conditions (that improve more Na+ absorption) in bidirectional manner down their concentration gradient.