Please find at least 5 genes that would fit into each of the

Please find at least 5 genes that would fit into each of these categories: fibroblast, adipocytes, and both describe the function of the protein that each gene codes for, and include the references where you found this information.

Solution

Ans:

The genes that would fit into fibroblast are as follows

https://www.researchgate.net/post/Which_genes_are_highly_expressed_in_fibroblast_cells

https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/FGFR3

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymic_stromal_lymphopoietin

https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/FGFR3

The genes that would fit into adipocytes are as follows

Specific target genes have been identified for STATs, 1, 5A and 5B, but not for STATs 3 and 6.

Target genes for STATs 1 and 5 in adipocytes have been identified. These adipocyte STAT target genes code for proteins that regulate adipocyte development, insulin action and fat and carbohydrate metabolism.

STAT 1, 3 and 5 target genes identified thus far encode proteins that are important for fat cell development and for adipocyte-specific functions, such as insulin sensitivity and lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Although STATs were originally identified as positive regulators of transcription, they act as both transcriptional activators and repressors in fat cells. Additional studies in both cultured adipocytes and in adipose tissue are needed to reveal the complete regulatory potential of the STAT family members in adipocytes.

Desnutrin -an adipocyte gene encoding a novel patatin domain-containing protein, is induced by fasting and glucocorticoids and ectopic expression of desnutrin increases triglyceride hydrolysis.

FTO gene: Fat mass and obesity-associated protein also known as alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase FTO is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FTO gene located on chromosome 16. As one homolog in the AlkB family proteins, it is the first mRNA demethylase that has been identified. Certain variants of the FTO gene appear to be correlated with obesity in humans. Increases in hypothalamic expression of FTO are associated with the regulation of energy intake but not feeding reward.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15337759

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FTO_gene

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › NCBI › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC)

Genes for both

PPAR (Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ) is a member of the nuclear receptor super family of ligand-activated transcription factors (TFs). It is highly expressed in white and brown adipose tissues. PPAR is considered a master regulator of adipocyte differentiation (adipogenesis). Ectopic expression of PPAR in non-adipogenic embryonic fibroblasts stimulates the adipocyte gene transcription program and drives adipogenesis . PPAR is essential for adipogenesis, as no single factor has been identified that can drive adipogenesis in the absence of PPAR. Consistently, PPAR knockout mice lack terminally differentiated adipose tissues and develop fatty liver and lipodystrophy.

Adipocyte STAT target genes code for proteins that regulate during the conversion of 3T3 fibroblasts into adipocytes

EBF1: stimulates adipogenesis in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts: Mammals have four EBF proteins encoded by distinct genes, designated EBF1-4. EBF1, 2 and 3 are expressed in adipose tissue, with increasing levels seen as differentiation progresses. EBF1 stimulates adipogenesis in NIH-3T3 fibroblasts, and expression of a dominant-negative EBF-fusion protein blocks 3T3-L1 differentiation.

ADD1 : plays an important role in fat cell gene expression and differentiation, and suggest that it may function by augmenting a step in PPAR3,-mediated transcription.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3710315/

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov › NCBI › Literature › PubMed Central (PMC)

genesdev.cshlp.org/content/10/9/1096.full.pdf

www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.4161/jkst.23092

ADD 1/SREBP1 promotes adipocyte differentiation and gene expression linked to fatty acid metabolism Jae B. Kim and Bruce M. Spiegelman 1 Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and the Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 USA .GENES & DEVELOPMENT 10:1096-1107.1996 by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press ISSN 0890-9369/96