Expermental Methode course Concuptual question Explain the d

Expermental Methode course (Concuptual question)

Explain the difference between a first order and a second order system using physical concepts. Give an example of an instrument that can be modeled as a first-order and a second-order system

Solution

First Order systems are those in which the output has a single derivative with respect to time and Second Order systems are those which have a double derivative with time. Examples of a first order system are series LR circuit, series RC circuit. Examples of a second order system are spring mass system and series LCR circuit.

A temperature sensor can be modelled both as first order and a second order system depending on the requirement .a sensor works on the principal of conduction d^2 T / dx^2 = c * d T / dt which contains both first and second derivative. Depending on the requirement one can model it as both.