In forensics the science of investigating crimes paternity t

In forensics (the science of investigating crimes), paternity testing and the identification of human remains, biologists assume that populations are in HW equilibrium. This can become a matter of some significance in high-profile legal disputes. Consider this diagram of DNA fingerprint in which each band represents a specific DNA sequence. The different shading of the bands is used to symbolize 3 different genetic loci that were tested. A genetic locus is like a gene - it has a particular location and sequence on a chromosome but it may not code for a protein. a) Individual A has 2 bands for locus 1 (the solid black bands) while Individual B has only 1 band. Use the terms heterozygous and homozygous to explain this difference. b) Suppose the frequencies of the alleles are measured in a population and these data are obtained: A sample of blood from a crime scene shows the same banding pattern as Individual B. If the population in HW equilibrium, what is the probability that the blood from the crime scene came from individual B?

Solution

Answer/part A:- The individual A with two bands is heterozygous for the locus 1 and the individual B is homozygous for the locis 1.