Explain how hyper secretion of glucocorticoids generally coi

Explain how hyper secretion of glucocorticoids generally coincides with hyper secretion of mineralcorticoids. Include in your discussion the primary hormones secreted in humans, the symptoms of hypersecretion, and the name(s) the disease (disorder).

Solution

Hypothalamus and pituitary axis (HPA) have intracellular receptors for cortisol, which provides a negative feedback signal to regulate cortisol secretion. The hyper secretion of glucocorticoids (cortisol) generally coincides with hyper secretion of mineralcorticoids (aldosterone) for example, Stress is going to regulate both aldosterone and cortisol. Cortisol is a stress hormone released during stress that inhibits sexual arousal via inhibiting sex hormones such as gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH), and reduces sperm count, ovulation by acting on reproductive system. On the other hand, cortisol does suppress immune system and other inflammatory pathways. Cortisol do stimulate more surfactant production in airways to stimulate bronchioles finally this bronchial surfactant useful for proper passage of air with no fluid accumulation in airways

During any type of stress, the release of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormones) increases, which stimulate the adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla. From the adrenal cortex, the release of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids is increased. Glucocorticoids are crucial for survival, because they offer high resistance to the body against stress.

Minelarocorticoids help to regulate electrolyte and water balance of the body. Glucocorticoids influence carbohydrate metabolism and sex steroids influence growth and sex development.

Cushing\'s syndrome: This disease is meticulously due to the excessive or hypersecretion of ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) from abnormality in pituitary gland due to either tumor formation or any abnormality. This ACTH is going to trigger hyper- secretion of “glucocorticoids” to stimulate higher glucose uptake with high satiety finally result in swelling of face due to face to prolonged exposure to cortisol. The diagnosis is “red face (bruishes) with swelling nature”, high blood pressure and facial and abdominal obesity.

Hypersecretion of aldosterone (addition\'s disease) specifically increases sodium and water reabsorption from renal tubules and eliminates potassium finally increases venous return to improve blood pressure. Therefore, aldosterone is main manager of renal sodium ion concentration.