What is isomerism How many kinds are there Define each kind

Solution

The process of isomerism involves the isomers .These are basically defined as the molecules which have the same molecular formula but they usually possess a different arrangement of the atoms in space. They are of two types:

1.Constitutional isomers :They are defined as the compounds in which the various atoms are connected or bonded in a different manner .They are also called as structural isomers

2.Stereoisomers:On the other hand ,they are the compounds which differ on the basis of orientation in space.They are of two types

a)Enantiomers :They are the compounds which are usually a mirror image of one another and thehese mirror images are also non-superimposable

b)Diastereomers :They are isomers which are not mirror images of one another.Moreover these compounds are non-superimposable. They are of two types: cis and trans

->Cis-isomers are the isomers which usually contain atoms which are oriented on the same side of a bond.

->On the other hand the Trans-isomers are the compounds that have atoms oriented on opposite sides of a bond