Explain the major steps involved in protein synthesis includ

Explain the major steps involved in protein synthesis including the structures/molecules involved in: transcription, translation, and the distribution of proteins. Be sure that each step is explained in words. Please include the following: translation, Golgi apparatus, protein, nucleus, DNA, rough ER, RNA. ribosome. clear pore, vesicle, polypeptide, nuclear membrane, cell membrane, transcription, amino acid

Solution

TRANSCRIPTION : It is the process in which DNA is copied to mRNA which carries the information needed for protien synthesis.it takes two steps:

first step: pre massanger RNA is formed with the involvment of RNA polymeraze enzyme.the pre messanger RNA is edited to produce the mRNA molecule in the process called RNA spilcing.

second step: here DNA will mixed with sense strand this makes formation of pre mRNA. the mixing of three will give DNA and premRNA seperatly.

TRANSLATION: it involves three steps 1.) intiation 2.)elongation 3.)termination.

intiation: to begin translation, a large and small ribosomal suunit along with the intiating tRNA assemble onto the mRNA.the strat up signal for translation is codon AUG which codes for methionine.EUKARYOTES have specific sequnces (A/GCCA/GCCAUGA/G) these are three terminus of the ribosomal subnit.this positions the ribosome corretly on the mRNA molecule.once this has occured elongation begins.

elongation:an intiaator tRNA is placed at the p site of the ribosome and hydrogen bonding to the mRNA.the unchanged tRNA molecule leves the ribosome,while ribosome moves one codon to the right. then again another tRNA molcules binds.

PROTIEN SYNTHESIS: it is to the creation of a protie from a mRNA template copied from DNA.a group of 3consecutive nucleotides on a mRNA is termed a codon. some codons tell the ribosome where to start making the protien, these are called start codons (AUG).some codons such as UAG, UAA, and UGA tell the ribosome where to stop adding amino acids to the polypeptide, these are termad stop codons.