Pertussis commonly known as whooping cough is a highly conta

Pertussis, commonly known as whooping cough, is a highly contagious childhood respira- tory disease that was once a feared killer of infants. One hears less about it today because effective vaccines have greatly reduced the incidence of pertussis. Nevertheless, 48,277 cases were reported in the U.S. in 2012. Worldwide, there are an estimated 16 million cases of pertussis and about 195,000 deaths per year. The data given below came from a study described in Wild and Seber Chance Encounters, 2000. This study was conducted to compare the standard vaccine, WCV, with a new vaccine, APV. A group of 59 in fants, in the age range from 17 to 19 months, was randomly assigned to two groups. One group received each of the two vaccines. Twenty-nine infants were inoculated with the new vaccine, APV, and thirty infants were inoculated with the standard vaccine, WCV The variable measured here is the concentration of pertussis antibodies in the blood of the infant one month after inoculation. It is common practice to measure such concentrations on a logarithmic scale. In this example the unit of measurement is log(IU/mL), where IU denotes \"international units.\" A larger concentration of pertussis antibodies indicates a better vaccine Antibody concentrations for the WCV group. 1.211.291.36 1.47 1.681.74 1.80 1.922.01 2.17 2.202.41 2.47 2.562.87 2.90 3.06 3.07 3.76 4.07 4.49 4.66 4.68 4.82 5.325.45 5.705.73 5.78 6.17 Antibody concentrations for the APV group. 2.262.34 2.58 3.27 3.49 3.503.71 3.78 3.81 3.91 3.96 3.963.98 4.08 4.09 4.26 4.27 4.30 4.60 4.74 4.83 4.86 4.88 4.92 5.11 5.165.175.17 5.21 1. Form two stem and leaf histograms for the concentrations of pertussis antibodies, one for the WCV group and one for the APV group. Use the following directions. (1) Round each three digit value to a two digit value. (2) Use the first (ones) digit as the stem and the second (tenths) digit as the leaf. (3) Split each stem into two stems, i.e., each stem should appear twice. (see example belowW (4) Hand in neat stem and leaf histograms, with the leaves properly aligned and with the leaves in order.

Solution

(1)

In this case the stem and leaf plot is made using the R software .

For WCV

1.2 | 169
1.4 | 7
1.6 | 48
1.8 | 02
2.0 | 17
2.2 | 0
2.4 | 167
2.6 |
2.8 | 07
3.0 | 67
3.2 |
3.4 |
3.6 | 6
3.8 |
4.0 | 7
4.2 |
4.4 | 9
4.6 | 68
4.8 | 2
5.0 |
5.2 | 2
5.4 | 5
5.6 | 038
5.8 |
6.0 | 7

For APV

2.2 | 6
2.3 | 4
2.4 |
2.5 | 8
2.6 |
2.7 |
2.8 |
2.9 |
3.0 |
3.1 |
3.2 | 7
3.3 |
3.4 | 9
3.5 | 0
3.6 |
3.7 | 18
3.8 | 1
3.9 | 1668
4.0 | 89
4.1 |
4.2 | 67
4.3 | 0
4.4 |
4.5 |
4.6 | 0
4.7 | 4
4.8 | 368
4.9 | 2
5.0 |
5.1 | 1677
5.2 | 1

please ask rest questions seperately.