4 What is the difference between homosporous and heterosporo

4. What is the difference between homosporous and heterosporous plants in terms of game tophyte and sporophyte anatomy? 5. Coni a and the Anthophyta do not have/use flagellated sperm like all other plant phyla. Explain how their sperm move and fertilization takes place without flagella ding to their

Solution

Heterosporous

The plant produces two types of spores i.e. microspores and megaspores.

It produces unisexual gametophyte.

But in heterospory, the megaspore is essentially the female gamete, and is usually stationary and can become a store of nutrition. The microspore is essentially the pollen, and this is motile and can disperse widely. In very advanced heterosporous plants, there are many adaptations for pollination that improve the chances of fertilisation, the likelihood of survival of the zygote (like providing a nice store of food in a seed) and most importantly in terrestrial plants, heterospory can lead to a reduced dependence on water

Heterosporous plants produce separate male and female gametophytes, which produce sperm and eggs, respectively.

In seedless plants, male gametangia (antheridium) release sperm, which can then swim to and fertilize an egg at the female gametangia (archegonia); this mode of reproduction is replaced by pollen production in seed plants.

Homosporous

Plant produces only one type of spores i.e. spores that are all small size.

It produces bisexual gametophyte.

In homosporous plants, like most ferns, one type of spore is produced, and you usually have a monoecious offspring resulting.

The diploid stage of a plant, the sporophyte, bears a sporangium, an organ that produces spores during meiosis.

Homosporous plants produce one type of spore which develops into a gametophyte with both male and female organs.