How do the engines influence and interact with the Earth Sys

How do the \"engines influence and interact with the Earth Systems? (provide a couple of examples) In \"Environmental Geology 1.1 -Delivering Alaskan Oil - The Environment vs. the Economy\", the USGS recommended against the construction of the Alaska pipeline partially because of the Geologic hazards along the route. What were some of the hazards noted, and what design features did the engineers use to minimize the impact of these hazards?

Solution

Q. How do the engines inflence and interact with the earth systems?

Ans.

Sun- Sun is the source of electromagnetic radition (the form of energy release from nuclear fusion.

after that the energy is absorb by plants and transform through photosynthesis then plant synthesize in CO₂ and H₂O to form sugar and starches. Then humans and plants consume the food then transforming into energy source into the body. That is why it interact with the earth system.

The hydrological system of inculde (hydrological cycle) movement of water from earth to the atmosphere and back to the earth.

it includes following stepts:

i) Precipitation is in the form of (snow,rain, hailstrom)

(ii) Evaporation _ is the process of evaporation of water form earth surface in the form of clouds

(iii) Transpiration - is the process of evaporation of water by plants leaves.

There are some design features that engineers used to minimize he impact of hazards.

STRATEGIES AND TECHNIQUES

These were the techniques adopted for tsunamis in Alsaks region

1. awareness among people and educated them regarding tsumani risks.

2. To provide new technologies, update and modify new warning system

3. To prepare engineers, designers and workers to plan efficiently against tsumanis.

4. Protect existing development through losses of tsunamis by redeveloping, retrofitting

5. Design to minimize the tsunami risk

Architectural and Structural Strategies:

1. Strengthen the existing foundation

2. construction braced foundation,

3. Using heavy steel sections instead of wooden

4. Provide adequate opening at the ground floor of building

5. Construct the building above the high tide level.