Do the reactions below proceed in good yield from left to ri

Do the reactions below proceed in good yield from left to right as shown? a) Na O Na OH b) OH c) OH + HC + H20 Cl

Solution

a) No. The reaction would move better from right to left

The carbonyl part of the acid is not electron deficient as it is attached to O^- for the amine to attack. Whereas ^-OH is strong enough to attack the carbonyl of amides. If you increase the temperature the right to left reaction rate would also increase substantially.

If the 2nd reactant was not a salt then there would be some reaction

b) Yes.  

The reaction would move left to right only under high temperatures (condensation conditions, ideally near boiling temperature of ethanol).

You can take the second reactant as limiting reagent in ethanol and heat it to 70 C.

Under base or acid catalyzed environments you primary product be an open ring 4 methylamine butanoic acid

c) No. The reaction would move better from right to left

The carbonyl of the acid chloride is highly electron deficient. It will accept any lone pair available. The water immediately attacks the acid chloride to give acid and HCl