4 ust the 4 point defects 5 List the different types of furn

4. ust the 4 point defects. 5. List the different types of furnacesmethods of heating. (i Point) Point) Point) Point) Point) (I Point) Point) (I Point)

Solution

4)

A-Self intersticial atom Defect. A self interstitial atom is an extra atom that has crowded its way into an interstitial void in the crystal structure. Self interstitial atoms occur only in low concentrations in metals because they distort and highly stress the tightly packed lattice structure.

B-Vacency defect. Vacancies are empty spaces where an atom should be, but is missing.

C)Interstitial impurity atoms are much smaller than the atoms in the bulk matrix. Interstitial impurity atoms fit into the open space between the bulk atoms of the lattice structure.

C-Interstitial impurity atoms are much smaller than the atoms in the bulk matrix. Interstitial impurity atoms fit into the open space between the bulk atoms of the lattice structure.

D-substitutional defectA substitutional impurity atom is an atom of a different type than the bulk atoms, which has replaced one of the bulk atoms in the lattice. Substitutional impurity atoms are usually close in size (within approximately 15%) to the bulk atom.

5)

a. Blast furnace-

b. Foging furnace

c. Oil fired furnace

d. Electric arc furnace

e.Induction Furnace