Calculate the following by hand 397 eulers criterionSolution
Calculate the following by hand (3/97) eulers criterion
Solution
Since 97 is odd prime so by Euler\'s Criterion
(3/97)=3^{(97-1)/2}=3^{48} modulo 97
3^4=81=-16 modulo 97
3^8=(3^4)^2=(-16)^2=96=-1 modulo 97
3^{16}=(3^8)^2=1 modulo 97
3^{48}=(3^{16}^3=1 modulo 97
Hence,
(3/97)=1
