The actual validitity of a proposed causal effect between a

The actual validitity of a proposed causal effect between a set of multiple independent variables on a dependent variable can be varified as empirically valid and true if the following evidence is present:

a. H1 can\'t be proven as valid, any lack of empirical evidence only supports the validity of Ho

b. finding from 2 other studies that obtain consistent correlational results with the 1st

c. a bettery of measures that yield evidence of discriminant, convergent, & construct validity

d. multi-method, multi-trait measures showing evidence of time-series causal effects

Solution

Ans:- b. finding from 2 other studies that obtain consistent correlational results with the 1st