part 4 Long answer 25 pts Use the back of the sheet if neede

part 4) Long answer (25 pts). Use the back of the sheet if needed. 33. Describe the enzymatic digestion of either carbohydrates or proteins (Choose one). Identify the enzymes responsible, where they are produced and secreted, and what reactions they catalyze;, what are the end products of these digestive processes?

Solution

Enzymatic digestion of proteins:

The process of digestion of proteins starts in the stomach with the action of an enzyme called pepsin. The enzyme pepsin atacks on the protein molecule and breaks the peptide bonds (bonds that hold the protein molecule together).

When the peptide bonds breaks, chains of amino acids linked together (called polypeptides) are obtained which then moves into the small intestine, where further digestion process occurs. In the small intestine, pancreatic enzymes called trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase starts working on breaking the polypeptides. These polypeptides brokes down and forms smaller units called peptides (peptides are made of linkage of 2-3 amino acids).

After all the break down of bonds, the smallest unit called amino acids are left which are absorbed by intestine and mixed in the blood to transport them to whole body. Hence, this way the complete digestion of proteins occurs.

Enzymes responsible : pepsin, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and carboxypeptidase.

Where they are produced :

Pepsin - Stomach

Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, and Carboxypeptidase - Pancreas

Reactions they catalyze:

Pepsin - Breakdown of protein molecules to polypeptides.

Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, and Carboxypeptidase - Breakdown of polypeptides to peptides and then amino acids.

End products : amino acids