Elementary Logic Arguments 1 Underline the conclusion in the

Elementary Logic (Arguments)

1. Underline the conclusion in the following argument: “Comets were the ultimate originators of life on Earth. They contain the chemical elements of the human body, and they contain them in almost exactly the same proportions.”

2. Is the following an argument or not? Please underline your answer. “John did not feel very lively. So, he probably ate something that did not agree with him.”

Argument Not an argument

3. Is the following argument deductive or inductive? Please underline your answer. “If you found a model of the solar system, you’d know that someone made it. Therefore, it is obvious that the real solar system must have been created by a divine being.”

Deductive Inductive

4. Is the following a valid or an invalid argument? Please underline your answer. “Either Beyoncé or Jay Z was elected President in November. Beyoncé was not elected President in November. Therefore, Jay Z was elected President in November.”

Valid Invalid

5. Is the following argument an instance of strong or weak inductive reasoning? Please underline your answer: “This is a standard deck of playing cards. So, if I draw a card at random from it, that card will probably be a spade.”

Strong Weak

6. Please translate the following statement into symbols. If you are typing your answer, please use the following symbols from your keyboard:

Not

And

If…then

If and only if

Please enter your symbolization on the line below. The statement is: “If Al goes to town, Betty visits her aunt and Miriam goes to a job interview.”

_____________________________________________

7. If A, B, and C are true, and X and Y are false, is the following symbolic statement true or false? Please underline your answer.

[(A * B) * ~C] = [A * (X v Y)]

True False

8. Please use a formal method (for example, a truth table or a proof) to show that the following argument is valid. If you are filling out this form by hand, use the space below. If you are submitting the form online, include a picture or scan of your solution. The argument is:

Premise 1:

G v ~L

Premise 2:

Premise 3:

Z > L

Conclusion:

9. Can you recognize and name the two forms of reasoning exemplified in the two arguments below?

(a)

(R v T) > ~(Q *S)

R v T

Therefore, ~(Q * S)

Name of the form: ____________________

(b)

(B v S) > (T = V)

(K v ~G) > (B v S)

Therefore, (K v ~G) > (T = V)

Name of the form: _____________________

~	Not
*	And
v	Or
>	If…then
=	If and only if

1. Argument

\"They contain the chemical elements of the human body and they contain them in almost exactly the same proportions\" from this sentence we can conclude that Comets were the ultimate originators of life on Earth but this is false so it is said to be an invalid argument

2.Argument

John did not feel very lively. So, he probably ate something that did not agree with him.”

3.Inductive as the reason is a probable truth not the ultimate truth -\"Therefore, it is obvious that the real solar system must have been created by a divine being.\"

4.Valid Argument

Either Beyoncé or Jay Z was elected President in November-True

Beyoncé was not elected President in November-True

5.Strong

This is a standard deck of playing cards-True

So, if I draw a card at random from it, that card will probably be a spade-True as there is no guranteed result exist

6.Al>(goes to town)[{Betty(vist aunt)}*{Mirriam(goes to job interview)}]

Therefore, Jay Z was elected President in November-True