GEOGRAPHY QUESTIONSocalled outsourcing of jobs refers to the

GEOGRAPHY QUESTION----So-called “outsourcing of jobs” refers to the transfer of salaried employment from country of origin (typically, source countries have very high standard of living; US is a great example) to foreign (destination) locations. Many say that this is a logical growth of globalization. India has become a major player in the outsourcing of certain technology work for the past two decades. What are these jobs? Where in India do they cluster and why? Do language and/or time-zone location have anything to do with India’s success, and if so, how? What do you think would be the short- and long-term impact on jobs in the source county should its nationalistic sentiment flourish abnormally?

Solution

India is one of the major outsourcing hubs that attracts huge number of outsourcing jobs. Companies outsources the jobs to India. These jobs are non-core jobs that attract huge cost and maintenance of man power in the source country. To save themselves from these cost burdens and focus upon the core activities, they outsource to the foreign countries including India. Examples of the types of jobs in India are, customer care jobs, technical support jobs, documentation and data entry jobs as well as other accounting, legal and clerical jobs. The development of software applications and IT products also take place that involves sending people to the onsite in the source country. In India, they cluster in cities like, New Delhi, Gurgaon, Chennai, Bengaluru and Hyderabad. These destinations have the suitable infrastructure, skilled manpower to perform the jobs, English speaking labor force, low cost manpower, and favorable government policies. Besides, continuous delivery of successful performance, has led to the development of these locations into clusters located in different parts of India.
Language has to do with the India’s success and working population involved in outsourcing work can communicate well in English and build a dialogue with the parent companies in the source country. It helps them to succeed and meet the expectation. Generally, the jobs come from the USA following pacific time zone and In India the time zone is IST. So, there is a different time zone location. Though, flexibility of the Indian workforce to work at times that are suitable to the source country, has contributed to the success.
With nationalist sentiments growing in the source country, there will be increased demand to prevent the outsourcing of work. It will reduce the supply of outsourcing of work to the countries including India and companies will opt to set-up centers in the source country itself. In the long term, these companies can move out of the USA and go for outsourcing in countries like India.