2 What type of filtrate will stimulate the macula densa cell

2.) What type of filtrate will stimulate the macula densa cells to increase the diameter of the afferent arteriole? What type of filtrate would require an increase in filtration rate?

Solution

Normally, constriction of afferent arterioles decreased lumen diameter, and the glomerular capillary pressure decreases because the arterial pressure transmitted to glomerulus is less, it results in decreased glomerular filtration rate.

The filtrate osmolarity is going to determine the dilation of afferent arteriole because golmerular filterate will stimulate the macula densa cells to increase the diameter of the afferent arteriole so that dilation of afferent arteriole would require an increase in filtration rate. If the damage occurs to macula dense cells is leading to changes in rennin-angiotensin mechanism so that change in blood pressure & afferent arteriole smooth muscle contraction

The GFR (the glomerular filtration rate) is significantly relies upon the myogenic mechanism that mediate insensitivity of changes in GFR with variable blood pressure because smooth muscle layers are going to contract due to opening of ion channels result in \"changes in blood pressure associated with afferent arteriole that enters Bowman\'s capsule\". The autoregulation of myogenic mechanism is mainly going to have meticulous impact on the rate of blood filtration in glomeruulus under sensitive changes in blood pressure & this is also known as concomitant autoregulation. These myogenic mechanism and blood pressure in afferent arterioles are going to respond to increased blood pressure by reducing glomerular pressure finally by controlling preglomerular resistance result in changes in vascular smooth muscle contraction rate. Therefore,, the following events takes place to attain homeostasis

Blood passes through the afferent arterioles, capillaries into the glomerulus, due to the hydrostatic pressure in the Bowman’s capsule, plasma filtered into the Bowman\'s capsule except blood proteins (this is called ultra filteration). This filtrate called glomerular filtrate. Now, the peritubular capillaries are going to surround the renal tubules such as proximal & distal parts of nephron finally promote reabsorption of substances into the blood leaves via efferent arteriole