Work on this portion of the assignment individually Nobody e

Work on this portion of the assignment individually. Nobody else should see your code. You may discuss high-level strategies as in other programming courses. You are to write a program in MIPS assembly for use in the SPIM simulator. The program will implement a single player guessing game. The program will ask the player try to guess the secret number. The program will output a message to indicate if the number guessed is too high or too low, and ask the player to enter a new number. If the number guessed by the player matches the secret number, a congratulatory message will be displayed, followed by the number of tries it took the player to guess the secret number. The program should end at this point. Requirements: Your code must be well-commented to receive full credit. This means any non-trivial line of code should have an accompanying comment. For examples of appropriate comments, refer to any of the code examples on Canvas. Add appropriate welcome/goodbye messages to the program (in addition to the prompt messages, etc. as part of the game). The program should allow for a maximum of 10 guesses by the player. If the user makes 10 incorrect guesses, print an appropriate \"you lose\" message and end the program. You should hardcode the \"secret\" number as a single word in the .data section of the assembly code. Change the number for each test case below. Test your program using the following inputs. Secret number: 4 Guesses: 42 23 16 15 8 4 Secret number: 17 Guesses: 5 20 17 Secret number: 11 Guesses: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Solution

.model small

.stack 100h

.data

    number      db 169d    ;variable \'number\' stores the random value

    ;declarations used to add LineBreak to strings

    CR          equ 13d

    LF          equ 10d

    ;String messages used through the application

    prompt      db CR, LF,\'Please enter a valid number : $\'

    lessMsg     db CR, LF,\'Value if Less \',\'$\'

    moreMsg     db CR, LF,\'Value is More \', \'$\'

    equalMsg    db CR, LF,\'You have made fine Guess!\', \'$\'

    overflowMsg db CR, LF,\'Error - Number out of range!\', \'$\'

    retry       db CR, LF,\'Retry [y/n] ? \' ,\'$\'

    guess       db 0d      ;variable user to store value user entered

    errorChk    db 0d      ;variable user to check if entered value is in range

    param       label Byte

.code

start:

    ; --- BEGIN resting all registers and variables to 0h

    MOV ax, 0h

    MOV bx, 0h

    MOV cx, 0h

    MOV dx, 0h

    MOV BX, OFFSET guess    ; get address of \'guess\' variable in BX.

    MOV BYTE PTR [BX], 0d   ; set \'guess\' to 0 (decimal)

    MOV BX, OFFSET errorChk ; get address of \'errorChk\' variable in BX.

    MOV BYTE PTR [BX], 0d   ; set \'errorChk\' to 0 (decimal)

    ; --- END resting

    MOV ax, @data           ; get address of data to AX

    MOV ds, ax              ; set \'data segment\' to value of AX which is \'address of data\'

    MOV dx, offset prompt   ; load address of \'prompt\' message to DX

    MOV ah, 9h              ; Write string to STDOUT (for DOS interrupt)

    INT 21h                 ; DOS INT 21h (DOS interrupt)

    MOV cl, 0h              ; set CL to 0 (Counter)

    MOV dx, 0h              ; set DX to 0 (Data register used to store user input)

; -- BEGIN reading user input

while:

    CMP     cl, 5d          ; compare CL with 10d (5 is the maximum number of digits allowed)

    JG      endwhile        ; IF CL > 5 then JUMP to \'endwhile\' label

    MOV     ah, 1h          ; Read character from STDIN into AL (for DOS interrupt)

    INT     21h             ; DOS INT 21h (DOS interrupt)

    CMP     al, 0Dh         ; compare read value with 0Dh which is ASCII code for ENTER key

    JE      endwhile        ; IF AL = 0Dh, Enter key pressed, JUMP to \'endwhile\'

    SUB     al, 30h         ; Substract 30h from input ASCII value to get actual number. (Because ASCII 30h = number \'0\')

    MOV     dl, al          ; Move input value to DL

    PUSH    dx              ; Push DL into stack, to get it read to read next input

    INC     cl              ; Increment CL (Counter)

    JMP while               ; JUMP back to label \'while\' if reached

endwhile:

; -- END reading user input

    DEC cl                  ; decrement CL by one to reduce increament made in last iteration

    CMP cl, 02h             ; compare CL with 02, because only 3 numbers can be accepted as IN RANGE

    JG overflow            ; IF CL (number of input characters) is greater than 3 JUMP to \'overflow\' label

    MOV BX, OFFSET errorChk ; get address of \'errorChk\' variable in BX.

    MOV BYTE PTR [BX], cl   ; set \'errorChk\' to value of CL

    MOV cl, 0h              ; set CL to 0, because counter is used in next section again

; -- BEGIN processing user input

; -- Create actual NUMERIC representation of

;--   number read from user as three characters

while2:

    CMP cl,errorChk

    JG endwhile2

    POP dx                  ; POP DX value stored in stack, (from least-significant-digit to most-significant-digit)

    MOV ch, 0h              ; clear CH which is used in inner loop as counter

    MOV al, 1d              ; initially set AL to 1   (decimal)

    MOV dh, 10d             ; set DH to 10 (decimal)

; -- BEGIN loop to create power of 10 for related possition of digit

; -- IF CL is 2

; --   1st loop will produce 10^0

; --   2nd loop will produce 10^1

; --   3rd loop will produce 10^2

while3:

    CMP ch, cl              ; compare CH with CL

    JGE endwhile3           ; IF CH >= CL, JUMP to \'endwhile3

    MUL dh                  ; AX = AL * DH whis is = to (AL * 10)

    INC ch                  ; increment CH

    JMP while3

endwhile3:

; -- END power calculation loop

    ; now AL contains 10^0, 10^1 or 10^2 depending on the value of CL

    MUL dl                  ; AX = AL * DL, which is actual positional value of number

    JO overflow            ; If there is an overflow JUMP to \'overflow\'label (for values above 300)

    MOV dl, al              ; move restlt of multiplication to DL

    ADD dl, guess           ; add result (actual positional value of number) to value in \'guess\' variable

    JC overflow            ; If there is an overflow JUMP to \'overflow\'label (for values above 255 to 300)

    MOV BX, OFFSET guess    ; get address of \'guess\' variable in BX.

    MOV BYTE PTR [BX], dl   ; set \'errorChk\' to value of DL

    INC cl                  ; increment CL counter

    JMP while2              ; JUMP back to label \'while2\'

endwhile2:

; -- END processing user input

    MOV ax, @data           ; get address of data to AX

    MOV ds, ax              ; set \'data segment\' to value of AX which is \'address of data\'

    MOV dl, number          ; load original \'number\' to DL

    MOV dh, guess           ; load guessed \'number\' to DH

    CMP dh, dl              ; compare DH and DL (DH - DL)

    JC greater              ; if DH (GUESS) > DL (NUMBER) cmparision will cause a Carry. Becaus of that if carry has been occured print that \'number is more\'

    JE equal                ; IF DH (GUESS) = DL (NUMBER) print that guess is correct

    JG lower                ; IF DH (GUESS) < DL (NUMBER) print that number is less

equal:

    MOV dx, offset equalMsg ; load address of \'equalMsg\' message to DX

    MOV ah, 9h              ; Write string to STDOUT (for DOS interrupt)

    INT 21h                 ; DOS INT 21h (DOS interrupt)

    JMP exit                ; JUMP to end of the program

greater:

    MOV dx, offset moreMsg ; load address of \'moreMsg\' message to DX

    MOV ah, 9h              ; Write string to STDOUT (for DOS interrupt)

  INT 21h                 ; DOS INT 21h (DOS interrupt)

    JMP start               ; JUMP to beginning of the program

lower:

    MOV dx, offset lessMsg ; load address of \'lessMsg\' message to DX

    MOV ah, 9h              ; Write string to STDOUT (for DOS interrupt)

    INT 21h                 ; DOS INT 21h (DOS interrupt)

    JMP start               ; JUMP to beginning of the program

overflow:

    MOV dx, offset overflowMsg ; load address of \'overflowMsg\' message to DX

    MOV ah, 9h             ; Write string to STDOUT (for DOS interrupt)

    INT 21h                 ; DOS INT 21h (DOS interrupt)

    JMP start               ; JUMP to beginning of the program

exit:

; -- Ask user if he needs to try again if guess was successful

retry_while:

    MOV dx, offset retry    ; load address of \'prompt\' message to DX

    MOV ah, 9h              ; Write string to STDOUT (for DOS interrupt)

    INT 21h                 ; DOS INT 21h (DOS interrupt)

    MOV ah, 1h              ; Read character from STDIN into AL (for DOS interrupt)

    INT 21h                 ; DOS INT 21h (DOS interrupt)

    CMP al, 6Eh             ; check if input is \'n\'

    JE return_to_DOS        ; call \'return_to_DOS\' label is input is \'n\'

    CMP al, 79h             ; check if input is \'y\'

    JE restart              ; call \'restart\' label is input is \'y\' ..

                            ;   \"JE start\" is not used because it is translated as NOP by emu8086

    JMP retry_while         ; if input is neither \'y\' nor \'n\' re-ask the same question

retry_endwhile:

restart:

    JMP start               ; JUMP to begining of program

return_to_DOS:

    MOV ax, 4c00h           ; Return to ms-dos

    INT 21h                 ; DOS INT 21h (DOS interrupt)

    end start

RET