what causes the generation of nonequilibrium plasma It must

what causes the generation of non-equilibrium plasma?
It must be explained by the following reasons.
1.why did the electronic get higher energy and why did the ion get fewer energy ?
2.what is the exchange of energy collision between electronic and ion or molecular ?

Solution

Nonthermal discharges are, by definition, almost always transient. And plasma is completely anisotropic in nature so whenever energy is fed into plasma by any source like electric discharge, RF discharge etc, It never gets distributed uniformly to the constituients of plasma i.e. electrons and ions and this is the undeline cause of non-equilibrium state.

1. As electrons are lighter in mass compared to the ions they move faster when RF energy is fed in gas chamber, on the other hand the ions are virtually stationary and this even cause plasma\'s own electric field due to seperation of +ve and -ve charges.

2. Fast moving electrons imparts its kinetic energy to ions or molecues and there by ejects their bound electron and make them highly charged in due course of time.

Some extra info related to it.

It is energy efficient to not feed energy equally into all degrees of freedom within a gas or plasma, such as into the thermal displacement, rotation, and vibration of neutral molecules, but only into those degrees of freedom that can efficiently create the desired final reaction products for the particular application. Therefore it is frequently preferable to accelerate only electrons to high velocities and let them excite and ionize molecules by impact while keeping the gas cold. If the electron energy distribution is appropriate, some reactions can be triggered very specifically.