Questions about types of survivorships please answer all par

Questions about types of survivorships? please answer all parts. thank you for your help:)

Useful information:

Questions to answer What would be advantageous about each type of survivorship? What would be disadvantageous about each type of survivorship? Find some specific examples of organisms that exhibit each of the three types of survivorship curves

Solution

Survivorship: It is the chance of an individual in a given population surviving to various ages

1. ANS: Advantageous:

More advantageous trait are produced in the higher rate of reproduction. This advantageous trait arisen mainly due to the removal of unnecessary ones. In the sexual reproduction during the meiosis chromosomal crossover mutations are occurred and the results are received by the next generation.

2. ANS: Disadvantageous:

Evolution mostly selects the lowest reproduction rate. It is mainly due to avoiding accumulation of harmful mutations. Natural selection mostly select advantageous combination of characteristics.

Ex: Human

3. ANS: Survivorship curves:

It is a plot that indicates the number of individuals still alive at each age in the maximum life span.

Type I survivorship curve:
This convex curve usually indicates the production of few offspring but give them good care, increasing likelihood that they will survive to maturity. It process low mortality in early life and high in later life.

Ex: Humans and other large mammals (elephants)

Type II survivorship curve:

this is the intermediate curve. In which survivorship is constant throughout the life span. So the mortality rate is constant.

Ex:, Lizards, rodents, small birds and mammals

Type III survivorship curve:

This concave curve usually indicates low survivorship at the young stage. This concave curve usually indicates the large numbers of offspring production , but it can provide little or no care for them.

Ex: Many Invertebrates (oysters, redwood trees, snapping turtles) and Fish.