1 What could cause increased blood pressure in the glomerulu

1. What could cause increased blood pressure in the glomerulus?

2. How could you adjust the afferent or efferent radius to compensate for the effect of reduced blood pressure on glomerular filtration rate?

3. What common condition is analogous to the valve above the collecting duct being shut off?

4. Once solutes have been filtered from the plasma into the filtrate, how are they reabsorbed into the blood?

5. Can the reabsorption of solutes influence water reabsorption in the nephron? Explain.

Solution

1 ans- due to the high blood pressure resulted the increased glomerular capillary and glomerular filtration rate (GFR).The GFR is directly proportional to the presure gradient.

2 ANS-to increase the afferent radius or decreasing the efferent radius (vasodilation in afferent arteriols or vasoconstriction in efferent arteriols) results the decreased hydrostatic/blood pressure.

3 ans-kidney stones ,these found on the top of the duct which may cause the shunt of the blood. or can block the uretor that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.

4 ans-the reabsorption takes place by the tubules in the kidney nephrons by the diffusion and active transportation.through the Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT),the loop of henele and the distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT).

5 ans-Yes to reach the equilibrium condition moving of water by osmosis peritubular capillaries.