Homework Sourse5 Many environmentalists promote the idea of recycling solid
Solution
solution:-
Waste collection:-
Waste collection is a part of the process of waste management. It is the transfer of solid waste from the point of use and disposal to the point of treatment or landfill. The waste collection also includes the curbside collection of recyclable materials that technically are not waste, as part of a municipal landfill diversion program.
Waste reduction:-
At the top of the hierarchy is a waste reduction. This is the best option because the most effective way to limit the health effects and environmental impacts of a waste is not to create waste in the first place. Making any new product requires materials and energy. Raw materials must be extracted from the Earth and processed, and the product must be manufactured, packaged and transported to wherever it will be sold. Each of these stages may produce solid waste as well as liquid wastes and air pollutants. If we can find ways of making a particular item whilst producing less waste in the process, this is one of the most effective ways to reduce pollution, save natural resources, protect the environment and save money. The industry has a major part to play in waste reduction. If more efficient manufacturing processes were adopted, greater quantities of products could be made without increasing the use of raw materials. Industry can also work to incorporate less material into its products – so for example, an item could be packaged using less cardboard than before.
Waste reduction is also important at the household level. In Ethiopia, a number of waste reduction initiatives have been put in place in big cities like Addis Ababa and Mekelle by informal organizations and private sector enterprises. These initiatives frequently involve several different stakeholder groups including urban Health Extension Workers (HEWs), civil society, private sector enterprises and organized women’s development groups. The local kebele administration and appropriate experts from the Woreda Health Office and Greenery and Beautification Office are also likely to be involved. The Ministry of Health has produced some teaching aids and promotional materials aimed at educating communities on how to reduce and minimize waste at a household level. Educational campaigns can raise awareness of the individual economic incentives, and can also be used to reduce the stigma attached to working with waste.
Waste recycling:-
Recycling waste means that the material is reprocessed before being used to make new products. The reprocessing activities can have an impact on people’s health and the environment, but these impacts are usually lower than those from making the product from new, raw materials. Recycling means treating the materials as valuable resources rather than as waste. It has many benefits but it is important to have a market for the end product, otherwise, the process will not be economically sustainable.
The options for recycling depend on the type of waste. For example, waste paper can be broken down to its fibers in a process called pulping. The pulp is cleaned and then formed into the new paper to be used for printing or packaging. Waste metals and glass can also be recycled by melting them down into new raw materials. Sheet metals can be beaten and reformed into new products. Plastic bottles can be ground down and used to make plastic rope or plastic coating for electric wires. For some wastes, recycling involves complex technical processes and requires specialised machinery, but others can be recycled more simply and on a small scale
List at least 4 advantages and disadvantages of recyclings metals, glass, discarded in solid wastes.
Advantages:-
1. Recycling saves the Earth.
Recycling can help minimize the cutting of trees, which are used to make paper. So, by cutting fewer trees and producing more recycled paper, we preserve the environment for future generations. Besides that, conserving forests will help the environment. This is because trees are known to improve air, prevent floods and provide raw materials and nourishment
2. Recycling conserves energy.
Processing raw materials that come from trees and other natural resources takes more energy than recycling materials. Recycling paper takes less energy than making new paper products from trees. Even transporting these materials from their source takes a significant amount of energy. So by opting to recycle, we are minimizing the use of energy, which can also decrease pollution, minimize health risk and help the economy.
3. Recycling helps in mitigating global warming and in reducing pollution.
If industrial companies recycle, greenhouse gas emissions from their factories and plants will be lessened. The use of fossil fuels that also emit such harmful gases will be minimized, as well. And by recycling non-biodegradable waste, air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions will be reduced.
4. Recycling minimizes waste products placed in landfills.
A lot of the waste materials thrown in landfills all over the world are composed of non-biodegradable products, which take a long time to decompose. But by reusing or recycling stuff, there will be fewer waste materials that tend to overflow from landfills over time, causing harm to the environment
5. Recycling can help you save money.
There are companies that pay cash for your trash. You can sell old water bottles, electronics, and other things to them and they will give you money in exchange. Aside from that, patronizing recycled products save you money because they are less expensive. Of course, you can reuse some of the trash you have at home to further lessen your expenses
6. Recycling can reduce the need for allied activities like transportation and mining.
Such industries are the biggest producers of greenhouse gases and pollution. If the need for fresh materials is lessened due to recycling, there will be a lesser need for such activities, as well.
Disadvantages
1. Recycling tons of garbage will require separate factories.
This could result in more pollution and energy consumption for cleaning, sorting, storing and transporting waste materials. The need for extra bins for different kinds of trash will also be needed. This can equate to more trucks to pick them up, increasing air pollution.
2. Recycling will produce pollutants, including chemical stews after breaking down the waste materials.
This can hurt the environment further, if not planned well.
3. Recycling is not always cost-efficient.
In fact, it can result in net loss year after year. The cost of putting all the junk in landfills will only cost $50-$60 per ton, while recycling will cost around $150.
4. Recycling can increase low-quality jobs.
These include sorting garbage, cleaning toxins and doing other manual and intensive labor. This can result in low morale, low income and poor quality of life in a community.
5. Recycling can create more environmental problems, if not done right.
Collecting garbage on a daily basis may leave debris on the streets and recovery sites, rendering these places unhygienic. Aside from that, recycling companies might abandon dump sites and leave harmful chemicals to contaminate the land and the environment.
6. Recycling does not guarantee good quality products.
Bleaching is required to recycle paper, which involves a harsh chemical that is not only harmful to people but also to the environment. But there is no guarantee that the products will be of good quality.
