In a population the birth rate and death rate are calculated

In a population, the birth rate and death rate are calculated as follows:

Birth Rate = Number of Births ÷ Population

Death Rate = Number of Deaths ÷ Population

For example, in a population of 100,000 that has 8,000 births and 6,000 deaths per year, the birth rate and death rate are:

Birth Rate = 8,000 ÷ 100,000 = 0.08

Death Rate = 6,000 ÷ 100,000 = 0.06

Design a Population class that stores a population, number of births, and number of deaths for a period of time. Member functions should return the birth rate and death rate. Implement the class in a program. Input Validation: Do not accept population figures less than 1, or birth or death numbers less than 0. (C++)

Solution

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

class Population
{
   long population;
   long no_births;
   long no_deaths;
public:
   //constructor to initialize private members to zero
   Population()
   {

       population = 0;
       no_births = 0;
       no_deaths = 0;
   }
   //method to set values of an object of type Population
   void set_population(long pol, long births, long deaths)
   {
       population = pol;
       no_births = births;
       no_deaths = deaths;
   }
   //method to calculate birth rate
   double birth_rate()
   {
       double rate =((double)no_births/population)*100;
       return rate;
   }
   //method to calculate death rate
   double death_rate()
   {
       double rate = ((double)no_deaths/population)*100;
       return rate;
   }

};

int main()
{
   //declare an object of type population
   Population obj;
   //local variable to store values entered from user
   long polulation,births,deaths;

   cout<\"Enter values for population, number of births , number of deaths\ \";
   cout<<\"Population = \";
   cin>>polulation;

   cout<<\"births = \";
   cin>>births;

   cout<<\"deaths = \";
   cin>>deaths;

   //set above values for an object pol
   obj.set_population(polulation,births,deaths);

   cout<<\"Birth rate = \"<<obj.birth_rate()<<\"%\"<<endl;
   cout<<\"Death rate = \"<<obj.death_rate()<<\"%\"<<endl;
  
}

------------------------------------------------------------------------

output

Population = 200000
births = 12344
deaths = 8970
Birth rate = 6.172%
Death rate = 4.485%