C Explain the roles of the decoding center and peptidyl tran

C. Explain the roles of the decoding center and peptidyl transferase center in the process of translation. How does the ribosomal RNA contribute to the functions of each of these centers?

Solution

1.Decoding of the codon with a cognate anticodon, occurs at the decoding center.

2. Synthetic poly-nucleotides, ~30 nucleotides in length, processed with the DC, placed in the small ribosomal subunit and are not capable of transmitting conformational indicators to the peptidyl transferase center, PTC. In cells, such sign transduction does arise upon codon–anticodon, from the DC to the GTP activation ,located in close proximity to the PTC.

3. Peptide bond formation or peptidyl switch between the aa-tRNA within the A site and
the peptidyl-tRNA within the P site happens in the peptidyl transferase center, PTC, of
the 50S subunit. In this reaction, the -NH2 organization of the incoming aa-tRNA nucleophilically assaults the carbonyl carbon of the ester bond linking the peptide moiety
to peptidyl-tRNA .If peptidyl transfer isn\'t catalyzed, it proceeds at a rate of ~10–four M–1 s–1 at room temperature. The ribosome quickens the reaction via 106–107-fold.