13 Explain why the ionization energy decreases between Group

13. Explain why the ionization energy decreases between Groups VA and VIA. 14. In general, how does the second ionization energy compare to the 15. How does the third ionization energy compare to the second? xplain? 16. For sodium, why is the 2d ionization energy so much larger than the 1\"7 17. For magnesium, why is the 3* ionization energy so much larger than the first? Explain? 18. For aluminum, between which two successive ionization energies would the increase be expected to be greatest? Explain. expected to be greatest? Explain. expected to be greatest? Explain. 19. For calcium, between which two successive ionization energies would the increase be 20. For poltassium, berween which two suscesive ionization energies wouldthe increase be

Solution

Answers -:

13. Group VA elements have half filled p subshell (e.g [N]- 1s²2s²2p³) and since IE of half filled or full filled is greater than IE of normal configuration,so IE_VA>IE_VIA.

14.In general,second IE would be greater compared to first IE because as an electron gets removed,nuclear attraction per electron increases resulting in requirement of more energy to pull next electron, that\'s why mostly IE₂>IE₁.

15.After removal of third electron, remaining electrons gets more attracted,so third IE is greater that second IE.

16. Sodium (Na-1s² 2s²2p⁶ 3s¹) , acquires inert gas configuration after reroval of one electron . So removal of second electron becomes too tough i.e IE₂>>IE₁ for sodium.

17.Magnesium (Mg-1s²2s²2p⁶3s²),also aquires inert gas configuration after removal of second electron,so IE₃>>IE₂(for Mg).

18.In Al, after removal of first electron it acquires full filled configuration,so for further removal of electron it will require more energy.So consecutive gap will be greater between first IE and second IE.

19.In Calcium,consecutive IE gap would be more between first and third IE because after removal of second electron Calcium acquires inert gas configuration.

20.In potassium,consecutive IE gap would be more between first and second IE because after removal of first electron it acquires inert gas configuration.