Please write the answer here not in a paper Problem 23 Deter

Problem 2.3. Determine which of the following properties of a thermodynamic system are extensive properties and which are intensive: a. The mass density. b. The molar density. c. The number of gram atoms of aluminum in a chunk of alumina. d. The potential energy of a system in a gravitational field. e. The molar concentration of NaCl in a salt solution. f. The heat absorbed by the gas in a cylinder when it is compressed.

Solution

a) Mass density-Intensive property as mass density does not change with the change in amount of matter present.

b) Molar Density-Intensive-Molar density is defined as the number of moles occupied by a unit volume of substance (mol/m^3). It is a constant for a particular subtance and thus intensive.

c) Number of gram atoms-Intensive as gram atoms are the quantity of an element whose weight in grams is numerically equal to the atomic weight of the element. As atomic weight is constant, hence gram atoms does not change with quantity of matter present and hence it is an intensive property.

d) Potential Energy-Extensive property-Potential energy is a direct function of mass of the body and hence it varies with the amount of substance present. Thus it is an extensive property.

e) Molar Concentration-Intensive-The molar concentration is defined as amount of solute per unit volume of solution. It is a constant for NaCl and does not depend on amount of NaCl present. thus intensaive.

f) Heat absorbed-Extensive-Heat absorbed is will bve more if higher amount of substance is present. Thus being a function of quantity, it is an extensive property.