What are the major developmental milestones between infancy

What are the major developmental milestones between infancy and toddler ages? What can parents and caregivers do to help their child develop? (child and adoloscence psy) Please cite all references in APA format. Must be at least 350 words

Solution

Developmental milestones are things most children can do by a certain age, these are crawling, walking, jumping. talking etc.
These milestones are usually classified into three categories:

i) motor development
ii) language development
iii) social/emotional development

In the first year, babies learn to focus their vision, reach out, explore, and learn about the things that are around them. Cognitive, or brain development means the learning process of memory, language, thinking, and reasoning. Learning language is more than making sounds (\"babble\"), or saying \"ma-ma\" and \"da-da\". Listening, understanding, and knowing the names of people and things are all a part of language development.

0–8 Weeks -Gazes at faces (birth),Smiles responsively
3–4 Months-

1)Distinguishes primary caregivers from others and will react if removed from home.
2) Smiles readily at most people.
3)Plays alone with contentment

6–9 Months-

1) Discriminates strangers (e.g., frowns, stares, cries).
2) Stranger/separation anxiety begins.
3) Actively seeks adult attention; wants to be picked up and held.
4) Plays peekaboo.
5) Rarely lies down except to sleep.
6) Pats own mirror image.
7) Chews and bites on toys.

9–12 Months

1) Social with family, shy with strangers.
2) Begins to show sense of humor.

12–15 Months-

1)Shows strong dependence on primary caregiver with increasing difficulty separating.
2) Shows difficulty quieting and relaxing into sleep.

15–18 Months-

1) Begins to distinguish “you” and “me.”
2) Imitates adult activities.
3) Interested in strangers, but wary.
4) Does not respond well to sharp discipline.

18–24 Months

1) Moves about house without constant supervision.
2) Plays primarily alongside children but not with them

24–30 Months -Toddler

1) Initiates own play activities.
2) Want routines “just so.”
3) Does not like change in routine.
4) Cannot wait or delay gratification.

30–36 Months

1) Begins playing “with,” as opposed to “next to,” others.
2) Names or points to self in photos.
3) Joins in nursery rhymes and songs.
4)Likes praise.

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