1 expatriates frequent flyers and virtual managers Which are

1. expatriates, frequent flyers and virtual managers. Which are the differences betweern them? Analyse the management focus, mode of communication, key success factors When speaking about global managers three types are usually mentioned: and cultural challenge of each

Solution

Expatriates typically require deep knowledge of a particular country or region, frequent flyers more often require broad knowledge of cultural differences and cultural processes in general. One leads a somewhat stable life, albeit in a foreign country, the other leads a highly mobile existence. This is not to say that one approach is superior to other, only that they are different and that each plays an important role in global commerce. Added to this category of other managers that work largely through computer and information technology and that essentially wander the globe in cyberspace to achieve their results. We refer to these individuals as virtual managers in recognition of their basic patterns of collegial and business interaction.

Regional myopia :

Over emphasis of local versus global

Global myopia :

Over emphasis of global versus local

Technological myopia :

Ignore impact of culture on uses and applications of technology

	Expatriates	Frequent Flyers	Virtual Managers
Management Focus	Long-term Face to face Live in foreign country	Short term Face to face Frequent visits	Remote Work through technology
Mode of Communication	Mostly face to face	Mixed : Face to face and virtually	Mostly virtual
Key success factors	Deep Knowledge of local culture Local language Local business Environment Global business issues	Understanding of cultural issues Multilingual skills important Deep understanding of global issues	Some understanding of cultural differences and variation in business practices Multilingual skills useful
Cultural Challenge	Regional myopia : Over emphasis of local versus global	Global myopia : Over emphasis of global versus local	Technological myopia : Ignore impact of culture on uses and applications of technology