Johnny is running for president of his local chess club In h

Johnny is running for president of his local chess club. In his campaign speech, Johnny says, \"If we let Billy be president, then he will get to make important decisions. If that happens, then the game of chess as you now know it will no longer exist! Johnny will turn chess into nothing more than Tic- Tic- Toe and the world will crumble into chaos and anarchy!\" Which of the following fallacies has Johnny committed? Genetic Fallacy Begging the Question Slippery Slope Fallacy Affirming the Consequent An argument is sound if and only if it is such that it is a true argument. it has all true premises and a true conclusion. it is impossible for it to have a false conclusion if it has true premises. O it has all true premises and is also a valid argument. What\'s wrong with the following argument? Justin wanted to go out last night, but John told him that the night is dark and full of terrors. Terrors! So, Justin should be afraid and not go out at night. There is nothing wrong with this argument. The argument appeals to emotion. The argument appeals to reason. The argument appeals to violence.

Solution

Solution :

45)

An argument is sound if and only if

1. The argument is valid, and 2. All of its premises are true.

For instance,

All men are mortal.

Socrates is a man.

Therefore, Socrates is mortal.

The argument is valid (because the conclusion is true based on the premises, that is, that the conclusion follows the premises) and since the premises are in fact true, the argument is sound.

A deductive argument is sound if and only if it is both valid, and all of its premises are actually true. Otherwise, a deductive argument is unsound.

So last option is correct. It has all true premises and is also a valid argument.

46)

Appeal to emotion or argumentum ad passiones or appeal to feels is a logical fallacy characterized by the manipulation of the recipient\'s emotions in order to win an argument, especially in the absence of factual evidence.

Appeals to emotion are intended to draw visceral feelings from the acquirer of the information.

Appeals to emotion include appeals to fear, envy, hatred, pity, pride, and more.

Hence first option is correct. There is nothing wrong with this argument.