how do i work out this problem 4 What are the oxidation stat

how do i work out this problem?

4) What are the oxidation states of the indicated atoms? A. Both have an oxidation state of +1 B. C has an oxidation state of 0 and O has an oxidation state of -1 C.)C has an oxidation state of +1 and O has an oxidation state of -2 HH C has an oxidation state of 0 and O has an oxidation state of -2 E. C has an oxidation state of 0 and O has an oxidation state of +1

Solution

Carbon atom has valency of 4 and Oxygen has 2 valency.

When carbon is attached to another carbon the oxidation number is 0. because electronegativity is same.

When carbon is attached to Hydrogen atom the oxidation number is -1. because electronegativity of carbon is more than electronegativity of Hydrogen.

When carbon is attached to Oxygen atom (with double bond) the oxidation number is -2. because electronegativity of carbon is less than electronegativity of Oxygen.

Oxidation state of Carbon = -1 + (+2) = +1

When Oxygen is attached to carbon and hydrogen atoms the oxidation number is -2. because electronegativity of oxygen is higher than electronegativity of carbon and hydrogen.

Oxidation state of oxygen = -2

Hence option is C is correct answer.