The Dyson sphere is an hypothetical spherical structure cent

The Dyson sphere is an hypothetical spherical structure centered around a star. Inspired by a science fiction story, physicist Freeman Dyson described such a structure for the first time in a scientific paper in 1959. His basic idea consisted of an artificial spherical structure of matter built around a star at a distance comparable to a planetary orbit, with the purpose of capturing the energy radiated by the star and reusing it for industrial purposes. Assume the mass of the sun to be 2.00×10³⁰ kg. Consider a solid, rigid spherical shell with a thickness of 100 m and a density of 3900 kg/m3 . The sphere is centered around the sun so that its inner surface is at a distance of 1.50×10¹¹ m from the center of the sun. What is the net force that the sun would exert on such a Dyson sphere were it to get displaced off-center by some small amount?

Solution

Ans . zero newton force

since there is no net attraction between a hollow sphere and a body inside, a Dyson sphere of this kind would be gravitationally unstable. if the sphere were hit by a meteor and were slightly shifted, the sun would exert no force on it to bring it back to its original position. the sphere would simply drift off and eventually hit the sun. Because of gravitational instability,Dyson himself did not originally suggest a solid spherical shell: rather, he proposed a series of individual plates independently orbiting the sun.