Mendel crossed peas with wrinkled seeds to peas with round s

Mendel crossed peas with wrinkled seeds to peas with round seeds. What did he observe in the f2 generation? (please provide short explanation)

a. parental traits had segregated

b. some peas were round, some were wrinkled

c. all peas looked the same, slightly wrinkley

d. a and b are both correct

Solution

d. a and b are both correct

Parental traits had segregated: Mendel gave law of segregation i.e. the traits of parents remain segregated. This can be explained as wrinkled seeds were not found in F1 generation but they reappeared in F2 generation that means traits were not mixed.

Some peas were round, some were wrinkled: The experiment was conducted crossing homozygous smooth and wrinkled seed plants. In F1 generation only smooth seed plants were produced which were heterozygous. When they were crossed they produced plants having smooth and wrinkled seeds in the ratio of 3:1 respectively. Out of the total plants obtained ¼ were having homozygous smooth seeds, ¼ had homozygous wrinkled seeds and ½ had heterozygous smooth seeds. Thus both smooth and wrinkled seeds were obtained.

The Punnett square of F2 generation is as follows:

SS- homozygous smooth seeds

Ss- heterozygous smooth seeds

ss- homozygous wrinkled seeds