1 A What did Darwin do that most influenced his worldview wh

1)

A) What did Darwin do that most influenced his worldview (what is a worldview)? What were the critical observations Darwin made on his voyage of discovery? What two main ideas did Darwin develop in the \"Origin of Species

B)What is natural selection? What are three main points and important considerations regarding natural selection?

C) What is an adaptation? what are the two observations and two ferences that explain how natural selection leads to adaptive evolution?

D) What role did artificial selection play in the development of Darwin\'s logic for natural selection? What does the theory of evolution suggest will happen when environments favoring one adaptation change?

Solution

Ques-1) What did Darwin do that most influenced his worldview (what is a worldview)? What were the critical observations Darwin made on his voyage of discovery? What two main ideas did Darwin develop in the \"Origin of Species

The worldview is a belief aspect that people & society used to interpret and finally understand the world about origin & evolution around the society. Darwin has mostly influenced by what people have been believing about their origins & evolution regarding their purpose and meaning of life so that Christian worldview play role in science of evolution. Darwin has made critical observations in his voyage, such as natural selection & evolution based on Descent with modification from a common ancestor. As per Darwin theory of evolution and common descent, homology is the predominant factor in structure analogy of different species illustrating the developmental and molecular inheritance from a common unique feature in a common ancestor.

Darwin has developed a meticulous scientific theory about the exact biological evolution of a species and he explained the evolution of modern species over a long period from a common ancestor base on morphological convergent & divergent features as explained below.

Descent with modification from a common ancestor mean that species living at any given time such as present and pre-existing species are derived from a common ancestor and their characteristic traits reflect that ancestry as well as changes over time. New species are descended from pre-existing species finally they are able change their traits over time as an evolutionary adaption through environmental variations.

Darwin’s theory of gradualism and evolution:

Darwin uses Gradualsim and he proposed that the gradual changes associated with variations of a species through evolution to get adapted to the present ecosystem with no much transtitional forms. Human evolution based on the gradualism and their adaptations are extremely complex.

Darwin observations:

He potentially observed that the vicariant populations are subjecting to both genotypic divergence followed by phenotypic divergence; 1. Species are subjecting to variant selective pressures; It is clearly observed an independent genetic drift in the species; 3. A variety of mutations produced in the diversified populations associated with genetic pools.

Natural selection is differential reproduction among individuals in a population due to differences in phenotype, which are said to be adaptive. Individuals with the adaptive phenotypes have a reproductive advantage (increased reproductive fitness); therefore, they contribute disproportionately high number of progeny to the next generation. The adaptive phenotype and the underlying genotype will increase in frequency in the population over time  

Galapagos Island finches are referred as Darwin’s finches

1. Charles Darwin experimented on these finches to explain the adaptive radiation of the species in accordance with the environmental changes, allelic changes, and mutation impact.

2. He used the following experimental and analytical methods to deduce a conclusion about the adaptive radiation associated with allopatric and sympatric speciation

a. He examined the reason behind the existence of different finches with different sizes of the beaks on the Galapagos Island with the differential adaptation of the species to the external environment.

b. He analyzed the beaks of the Galapagos finches mechanism in predating the insects and other plants seeds. He analyzed and drawn a hypothesis in which the beaks which have been eating seeds and other type of finches beaks which are eating other than seed items. Finally, he compared the fruit size of the trees which producing seeds with that of the finches on which they feed on.

c. He concluded a hypothesis about the finches how they evolve from their ancestors and also for their descendents by drawing island map in which finches survival and the growth adaptation of their beak sizes with that of the material what they feed.

Ques-2: What is natural selection? What are three main points and important considerations regarding natural selection?

Natural selection is the selection of genetic traits suitable to survive in environment as an evolutionary adaptation. This phenomenon is often operates among the populations in which gene associated alleles are going to code for the protein molecules to synthesize potential protein factors to adapt to specific environment conditions. This inheritance of beneficial trait is going to develop after a long period of time generation after generation.

Natural selection and evolution is mainly depending on the “genetic variations” occurring in the generation to generation due to genetic drift & mutations. These events are leading to adaptations in a public or population to acquire more biological and social fitness to survive and to struggle for existence. Therefore, indirectly scientists are going to use these terms to unravel scientific mechanisms for the evolution of public with differential traits