In theory what is the strength of the composite in the direc

In theory, what is the strength of the composite in the direction of its short axis? How could the design engineer ensure that the strengths along all major axes were similar? Why do engineers seek to use composites in engineering practice? Titanium alloys are sometimes used in preference to stainless steel for artificial hip implants. In addition to its excellent corrosion resistance, suggest reasons why titanium is a good design choice for this role. Explain what you understand by the term \"superalloy\". What metallurgical mechanisms are employed to enhance the strength of this class of metals? What other properties do they provide engineers, and therefore what applications benefit from them?

Solution

Engineering is a profoundly creative process. A most elegant description is that engineering is about design under constraint. The engineer designs devices, components, subsystems, and systems and, to create a successful esign, in the sense that it leads directly or indirectly to an improvement in our quality of life, must work within the constraints provided by technical, economic, business, political, social, and ethical issues. Technology is the utcome of engineering; it is rare that science translates directly to technology, just as it is not true that engineering is just applied science. Historically, technological advances, such as the airplane, steam engine, and internal combustion engine, have occurred before the underlying science was developed to explain how they work. Yet, of course, when such explanations were forthcoming, they helped drive refinements that made the technology more valuable still.