8 Write an account how signaling can be terminated at the le

8. Write an account how signaling can be terminated at the level of receptors

9. Different cells can react differently to the same signal. Discuss a. Example acetylcholine

10. outline the process of plasma membrane receptor production to its final destination

11. Two major populations of ribosome exist in our cells. Discuss

Solution

8. Signal transduction terminated by which process of chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events most commonly protein phosphorylation.

9. Different cell types may have different set of receptors for the same ligand. each of which induces different response in each type of cell .   Clearly different cells respond in a variety of ways to same ligand. For example acetylcholine from a neuron adjacent to a straited muscle cell trigger contraction, where as release adjacent to a heart muscle slows the rate of contraction, release adjacent pancreatic acinar cell trigger exocytosis of secretory granules contain some cell types.

10.Secreted protein means that rough ER --- Golgi --- Secretory vesicle --- cell exterior

11. There are two spatially separate populations of ribosome in cystol .   Membrane bound ribosomes, attached to the cytosolic face of the ER membrane, are engaged in the synthesis of proteins that are being concurrently translocated into ER.

Free ribosomes, unattached to any membrane, synthesize all other protein encoded by nuclear genome.

Membrane and free ribosomes are structurally and functionally identical , they differ only in proteins they are making at any given time.