Your answers to each question should be in the range of 250

Your answers to each question should be in the range of 250 to 500 words, or the equivalent of 1 to 2 typed, double-spaced pages.

Discuss the role in real life of shaping, positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment and negative punishment. Give examples.

Solution

The role of positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement is very important in life.The term Positive reinforcement usually presents a motivating factor also known as a reinforcing stimulus to the person .This usually happens once the desired behavior is exhibited.This maked sure that the behavior happens in future most likely.An example can be when a father gives his son candy .This acts as a reinforcing stimulus.He gives him a candy for cleaning up toys which acts as a behaviour.

On the other hand the negative reinforcement is a process which occurs when a certain stimulus which is knownsas aversive stimulus is removed.This usually happens after a particular behavior is exhibited. Example When mohit presses a button .his is called as the behavior.This button that turns off a loud alarm and the alarm acts as the aversive stimulus.

Punishment is very important at school or at professional level.The term Positive punishment is a kind of punishment which works by presenting an aversive consequence .This usually happens after the exhibition of an undesired behavior .This further makes the behavior less likely to happen in the future.For example. when a child touches a hot stove This acts as a behavior. When he feels the pain .This is called aversive stimulus.

The Negative punishment occurs only when a certain reinforcing stimulus is removed .This is removed only after an undesired behavior has occured.This results in the behaviour which happens less often in the futureFor example:when a child fights with his sister.This is his behavior and when he has his favorite toy taken away ,this acts as a reinforcing stimulus which is removed.