Describe two ways by which DNA polymerase ensures that the c

Describe two ways by which DNA polymerase ensures that the correct base is added to the growing polynucleotide chain during replication, addressing what these mechanisms have in common and how they differ. What is the contribution of these mechanisms toward the overall fidelity of DNA replication?

Solution

The two common mechanism are 1. Fixing the complement nitrogen base and 2. Proof reading activity.

The DNA polymerase always fix the new nitrogen base according to the template strand. If it fails, It has another activity for accuracy of the DNA replication which is called proof reading activity. With the help of 3\' exo nuclease activity it cleaves the mismatched nitrogen bases and it will add the proper nitrogen base on the site.

Under normal conditions it won\'t influence the fidility of DNA replication. When the temperature and ionic concentration increases, these two mechanisms effects fidility.