what are the similarties and difference between bacterial gr

Solution

Bacteria multiply by way of binary fission;it is a process in which each parent bacterium divides into two daughter cells of same sizes.Bacteria growth follows in three phases,the lag phase when cells adapt to new environment,log phase marking exponential growth and stationary phase when nutrients get depleted.

Fungi,are capable of reproducing both sexually and asexually.They develop by branching and fragmentation,while yeasts replicate through budding.Sexual reproduction happens when specialized cells,gametes,unite to form a unique spore.Spores may also be produced on the tip of hyphae asexually.Fragmentation takes place when cells of the hyphae split off to form a different fungus.A single fungus cell may divide in two to form a new fungus in a process termed as budding.Fungal hyphae extend continuously at their extreme tips, where enzymes are released into the environment and where new wall materials are synthesised.The rate of tip extension can be extremely rapid up to 40 micrometres per minute.It is supported by the continuous movement of materials into the tip from older regions of the hyphae.So,fungal hypha is a continuously moving mass of protoplasm in a continuously extending tube.This unique mode of growth - apical growth which is the hallmark of fungi,and it accounts for much of their environmental and economic significance.Apical growth enables fungi to extend into fresh zones of substrate.This is especially important for growth on complex,insoluble polymers such as cellulose,because the enzymes released from hyphae have a limited rate of diffusion.These enzymes create zones of substrate erosion around the hyphae,but the tips can grow continuously out of these nutrient-exhausted zones.For this reason,fungi are the major decomposers of organic matter and also are efficient in capturing mineral nutrients in mycorrhizal associations.Apical growth gives penetrating power.Hyphal tips can penetrate plant cell walls and insect cuticle,making fungi important as plant and insect pathogens,and as the major degraders of physically hard materials such as wood.