In figure 717 and 718 I have a problem of understanding how

In figure 7.17 and 7.18 I have a problem of understanding how I decide the directions of forces P1\', P1\'\', P2\', P2\'\'... that is, how do I know for example that the force P2\'\' is \"to the right\" of bolt 2 and not mirrored about the line G-2? Also, how do I know that forces P1\',... are in the upward direction and not downward?

EDIT:

I suddenly realized, right after I posted that these forces tend to oppose the direction of external force and moment of P. Case closed!

Solution

solution

here, In given problem the figure is not clear to see. nothing in your figure can be see by anyone. so, how can i help u? so, please post the figure again or simply put the URL of the figure. Thank you.