1 The conclusions of inductive arguments are deduced from or

1.) The conclusions of inductive arguments are deduced from, or are implicit in, the premises of inductive arguments.

True or False

2.) The following argument is valid:

Premises 1: If you study hard, then you will always get A’s

Premises 2: You study hard                         

Conclusion: Therefore, you will always get A’s

True or False

3.) Getting an A in this class is a necessary condition for passing this class.

True or False

4.) The following argument is invalid because you might wear a coat even when it is not cold outside:

Premises 1: If it is cold outside, then you will wear a coat.

Premises 2: It is not cold outside.                                     

Conclusion: Therefore, you will not wear a coat.

True or False

5.)The following argument is cogent:

Satellite intelligence reveals that Saddam Hussein has mobile chemical weapons labs in the desert.

A scientist who worked for Hussein has defected to the United States and has said that he worked to build components for a nuclear bomb.

Saddam Hussein is comfortable allowing people to believe that he has weapons of mass destruction.

Therefore, Iraq possesses weapons of mass destruction.

True or False

6.) In philosophy we seek to make only logos arguments and to be persuaded by only logos arguments, because philosophical topics are generally so important that we want to decide things with the cooperation of our deliberate reason.

True or False

7.) The following inductive argument is strong:

Satellite intelligence reveals that Saddam Hussein has mobile chemical weapons labs in the desert.

A scientist who worked for Hussein has defected to the United States and has said that he worked to build components for a nuclear bomb.

Saddam Hussein is comfortable allowing people to believe that he has weapons of mass destruction.

Therefore, Iraq possesses weapons of mass destruction.

True or False

8.) Assuming that we are talking about a class that you didn’t audit and that you didn’t withdraw from, the following argument is sound:

Either you passed the class or you failed the class.

You passed the class.         

           

Therefore you didn’t fail the class.

True or False

9.) The following argument is sound:

If you are a human being, then you are made of meat.

If you are made of meat, then you won’t last forever.

If you are a human being, then you won’t last forever.

True or False

10.) The following argument is an inductive argument:

In our longitudinal research study, which followed 2,000 patients for ten years, 90% of patients who took folic acid daily had a reduced rate of cancer.

Therefore, taking folic acid daily reduces the occurrence of cancer.

True or False

Solution

1. False It happens in deductive reasoning

2. True

3. True

4. False

5. False

6. False

7. False

8. True

9. True

10. True