Read the following sentences and then identify the 5 followi

Read the following sentences and then identify the 5 following items: regulated variable, setpoint, integrating center, sensors, and effectors. Normal blood pressure is 110/70 mm Hg. The baroreceptors in the carotid arteries and aortic arch are responsible for sensing blood pressure. When an increase in the blood pressure occurs, the information is relayed to a part of the brain known as the medulla oblongata. As a result, the medulla oblongata sends signals via nerves to the precapillary sphincters indicating that they should dilate. It also sends signals to the heart indicating that it should slow down. Increased arteriolar diameter and decreased heart rate will cause blood pressure to return to normal.

Solution

1. Regulated variable: the variable that needs to be regulated. In thus case it is the blood pressure.

2. Set-point: The vital sign. For example: Increase in the arterial blood pressure.

3. Integrating center: This determines the response. Baroreceptors detect the high blood pressure and sends signals to the sensors.

4. Sensor: The body stimulates these to send information to the integrating center The sensor detects deviation from set point.The brain (medulla oblongata) detects the deviation form the set point and signals effector organs.

5. Effector: These produces a response. They signals the heart to slow down, which in turn increases the arteriolar diameter and causes the blood pressure to become normal.